What is the name of the airplane engine where the crankshaft stays stationery and the crankshaft rotates?

Yup they're rotary engines, usually 9 cylinders. It was too hard to set up an adjustable carburator to control engine speed, so it was set up that the electrical system would cut off power. You could have 3 cylinders, 6 cylinders or 9 cylinders firing or none at all. The weight of the engine acted like a really heavy flywheel and was great for going from level flight to verticle - the bad thing was it was so heavy, the torque exerted would cause the direction of steering to be 90 degrees off.